The gastrodia tubers are elliptical or elongated, slightly flat, shrinking and slightly curved. It is 3~15 cm long, 1.5~6 cm wide and 0.5~2 cm thick. The surface is yellowish white to light yellowish brown, slightly transparent, with many irregular longitudinal wrinkles, longitudinal wrinkles and multiple rounds of horizontal rings arranged by latent buds, sometimes visible brown fungus, with spotted or membranous scales Sometimes brown-black fungus can be seen. There is a residual stem base (Cannabis) at the top, or a reddish brown to dark brown parrot’s mouth-shaped bud (winter), with a rounded umbilical scar at the end from the mother’s hemp. Solid, not easy to break, flat section, horny, yellowish white or light brown. Qi Wei, flat, sweet, slightly sympathetic. With a solid texture, weight, a parrot, no hollow is better.
Gastrodia basic information
Botanical Name : Gastrodia elata Bl. Chinese name of the medicinal material : Tianma Keyuan : The dried rhizome of the Orchidaceae plant Gastrodia elata Bl. Use parts: Rhizome Main origin: Mainly produced in Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, Hubei, Shaanxi and other provinces, now mostly cultivated production. General Pinyin: Tian Ma Pinyin: Tian Ma
Gastrodia elata
First-class gastrodia: oval or elongated, slightly flat, shrinking and slightly curved, length 3~15cm, width 1.5~6cm, thickness 0.5~cm. The surface is yellowish white to pale yellowish brown, with longitudinal wrinkles or horizontal ring lines arranged by latent buds, sometimes with brown-colored mycelium, red-brown to dark brown parrot-like buds or residual stem base at the top; Round umbilical scars. Hard, not easy to break, flat section, yellow-white to light brown.
Gastrodia elata specifications:
First class: dry goods. It has a long oval shape. Flattened and bent, to clean the rough cork, the surface is yellowish white, with a horizontal ring pattern, the top has a residual stem base or red and yellow buds. The end has a disc-shaped concave umbilical scar. Solid and translucent. Cuticle horny, white teeth. Sweet and slightly spicy. Within 26 pieces per kilogram, no hollow, withered, impurities, insects, mildew.
Second class: dry goods. It has a long oval shape. Flattened and bent, to clean the cork, the surface is yellow-white, with a horizontal ring pattern, the top has a residual stem base or red-yellow buds. The end has a disc-shaped concave umbilical scar. Solid and translucent. Cuticle horny, white teeth. Sweet and slightly spicy. Within 46 kilograms per kilogram, no hollow, withered, impurities, insects, mildew.
Third class: dry goods. It has a long oval shape. Flattened and bent, to clean the cork, the surface is yellow-white, with a horizontal ring pattern, the top has a residual stem base or red-yellow buds. The end has a disc-shaped concave umbilical scar. Solid and translucent. Cuticle horny, white or brownish yellow slightly hollow. Sweet and slightly spicy. Within 90 pieces per kilogram, the size is even. No dryness, impurities, insects, mildew.
Fourth class: dry goods. Outside of 90 per kilogram. Anyone who does not fit one, two, three, etc., hollow and unpeeled are all this. No reed stems, impurities, insects, mildew. Remarks: Home or wild gastrodia are classified according to this.
– “Seventy-six kinds of medicinal materials specifications and standards [Chinese medicine Lianbanzi (84) No. 72 attachments]”
Gastrodia identification
The section of the tuber has residual cells, and the epidermis is composed of tangentially elongated plug cells. The cells are square and square. The cortex is broad, the cells are unequal-polygon, and the parenchyma cells are larger near the middle column. The cells are round and elliptical, and sometimes the calcium oxalate needle bundle is visible. The parenchyma cells contain polysaccharide masses. The outer tough vascular bundle is scattered and has a diameter of 35 to 40 m. The sieve portion is composed of closely arranged small sieve cells, and the cells are irregular. Catheter 2 to several consecutive, the cells are round or polygonal, 10 ~ 20m in diameter, weak wood, the main is a stepped duct, occasionally ring and threaded catheter.